How To Build A Brick Wall For Garden Clay

How to Build a Brick Wall

Follow our step-by-step guide to bricklaying, from mixing mortar to getting a good-quality finish

Before you begin your project, you'll need to figure out the number of bricks required. Standard types are 215mm x 102.5mm x 65mm.

To get an accurate picture of the number of bricks required, you'll also need to account for a 10mm mortar bed. So to come up with the correct calculations, input your brick size as 225mm x 102.5mm x 75mm for standard products.

You'll then want to add an allowance for cuts and wastage. Typically, you might overorder by 5% for a house or garage wall where there will be structural openings (such as windows). You might get away with less on a simple garden wall.

Project guide: Brick wall step-by-step

You will need

Brick trowel
Old board
Tape measure
Spirit level
Brick/string line

Shovel
Club hammer
Bolster
Stiff brush

There are 11 steps in this guide to building a brick wall.

Step 1 use the string line Step 1: Start your brick wall at the corners

Firstly, lay out the bricks at both ends of your wall where the pillars will start. This should be done after any necessary foundations have been prepared. Using your string line, make a straight guideline at brick height between the two outside bricks.

Step 2 mix the cement

Step 2: Mix the mortar

Following this, heap five shovels full of sand and one of cement on an old board. Turn shovel to mix to a consistent colour. Form a central hollow, pour in water and mix. Repeat for a smooth, creamy texture that's wet but not too loose.

Step 3 lay the mortar bed Step 3: Lay the first course of bedding mortar

Next you should lay a 1-2cm mortar bed along the string line. Starting at one end, lay the first brick and tap slightly to 'bed in'. 'Butter up' one end of the next brick with mortar and abut it to the first. Repeat using string line as a guide.

Step 4 build up the brick pillars Step 4: Create the brick pillars

At the point where you want your pillars to start, place a brick side-on to the end of the wall. As you build up the wall, each consecutive course of pillar bricks must be laid in the opposite direction.

Step 5 lay half bricks Step 5: Cutting bricks

When building pillars, at certain courses you'll need to lay half-bricks. To make a cut, place the brick on its side, locate the bolster at the split point and strike the head firmly with a club hammer. It should split cleanly first time.

Step 6: Keep the pillars one course ahead

Always build at least a course higher on the pillars than the rest of the wall. Move the string line up as you build, bedding it into the mortar on the pillars. For a stretcher bond, the end of each brick should be over the centre of the one beneath.

Step 7 10mm mortar joints Step 7: Make sure you're sticking to 10mm mortar joints

Horizontal and vertical mortar joints should be 10mm thick. With standard bricks there should be 75mm from the top of each brick to the top of the one beneath. If your bricks soak up moisture fast, you may want to 'joint up' (step 10) as you go.

Step 8 Add a coping stone Step 8: Add a coping stone

You may want to add a coping stone to finish when you reach the top of the pillars. Alternatively, you could create a pleasant effect at less cost by bedding bricks into the mortar on their sides

Step 9 Add a soldier course Step 9: Decorative brick soldier course

Adding a 'soldier course' is an attractive option to top the main part of a garden wall. Turn your bricks vertically lengthways and lay along the full length. Use a second, higher string line to keep a uniform finish

Step 10 finish the mortar Step 10: How to finish the mortar beds

To finish the beds, use the rounded edge of a brick jointer to scrape mortar into the joints. Start with the horizonal lines and follow with the vertical – it's easier to remove any excess mortar this way

Step 11 brush down the brick Step 11: Clean up

Lastly, give the finished wall a gentle brush over and clean up any mortar that has fallen onto the floor before it dries. You can use water to wash cement away from the floor, but be sure to keep it away from your newly-built wall!